Gene Cloning And Bacterial Transformation - 1118 Words

Introduction: In this lab, gene cloning and bacterial transformation was conducted. Bacteria are single celled microorganisms. They are simple in structure and have no nucleus with linear chromosomes. Bacteria are essential to life, and reproduction of other bacteria which helps play a role in decomposition of organic matter and the cycling of elements such as nitrogen and carbon, which are elements necessary to live. Due to this, plants and animals can use nitrogen to create nucleic acids along with amino acids, which are the essential building blocks of DNA. They also help break down food in the digestive system, which allows us to obtain the nutrients we need, and bacteria helps develop our immune system to fight other illnesses that†¦show more content†¦The bacterium being observed was E. coli, which codes for green fluorescent protein. E. coli is a bacterium that normally lives in the intestines of humans and animals alike, and can cause infection. One hopes to observe a glow from a green fluorescent protein (GFP) which is typically made by a jellyfish. This will be made possible by the additional presence of arabinose, which acts as the inducing agent. The inducing agent influences the transcription of the GFP and activates the transcriptional promoters. A promoter allows a foreign gene to fall into place much easier resulting in gene expression. It is expected that the combination of the plasmid, with the Lysogeny Broth (LB) and the arabinose (ARB) will transform the bacteria, and allow for growth of the bacteria in the presence of the antibiotic ampicillin (AMP) along with an observable glow under ultraviolet (UV) light. Hypothesis: †¢ The Agar plate with the LB/AMP/ARB in the +pGLO will be the only plate to display growth and a glow when compared to the other agar plates. Materials: †¢ Water bath set at 42 degrees Celsius †¢ Pipette tips †¢ Micropipetter (P20) †¢ 50 mM CaCl2 solution †¢ pGLO plasmid †¢ Sterile loop †¢ Competent E. coli HB101 †¢ 37-degree incubator †¢ Sterile LB agar plates (LB, LB/amp, and LB/amp/ara) †¢ Sterile transfer pipette Methods: 1. After labeling each of the tubes, 250 mL of CaCl2 was added to all the tubes andShow MoreRelatedAbstract. Taq Polymerase Is Essential In Polymerase Chain1446 Words   |  6 Pagesamplification of an unknown gene. The unknown gene is then ligated into a vector plasmid, which is placed in a bacterium Escherichia Coli to transform and multiply. Ultimately, identification and characterization of the unknown gene is done using electrophoreses and gel imaging. Cloning techniques such as the one performed have been used for many years to isolate genes from a variety of species. Isolation of unknown genes serves many purposes. Nucleic acid sequence of the unknown gene can be derived whichRead MoreEssay On Mutation1657 Words   |  7 Pagesthey often produce stop codons. These stop codons generate shorten, non-functioning proteins (Text 208). With these mutations in mind how would the insertion of three nucleotide sequences in a gene compare to the insertion of a single nucleotide? The insertion of a single nucleotide can affect a gene sequence in a more deleterious fashion, his is because it generates frameshifts mutations in the reading frame. These mutations are ones that often produce stop codons, putting a halt to the creationRead MoreThe Community of Microorganisms that Reside in the Epithelia of Humans1034 Words   |  5 PagesThere is a large number of species of microbes found on the human body. This bacterial organism are found in the skin, mouth, or nose. This lab consisted of the collection of skin bacterial organisms and amplification of the 16s rRNA to construct a small molecular phylogeny of the human body microbiome, or the community of microorganisms that reside in the epithelia of humans. This information could only be acquired through processes such as DNA extraction, amplification of specific genetic targetRead MoreGene Regulation For Safety Assessment946 Words   |  4 PagesGene Regulation for Safety Assessment: In addition to the mph gene, few gene regulations are implemented as safety assessment for the product. In the recombination process of making this product, Ecoli plasmid has been used as a vector to insert mph gene into host bacteria. We use a plasmid vector from E.coli that has conserved sequence for Plac promoter and gef suicide gene. Plac promoter is positioned upstream of mph gene to regulate its expression. 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Synthetic life experiments and creation of synthetic cells gives us an unparalleled insight into the origin of life, the fundamental genes and essential genetic functions required for life and may someday allow the manipulation of the roles of cells and organisms to benefit humanity and the environment. Advancements into synthetic life remain a controversial topic among today’s leadersRead MoreThe General Properties Of Restriction Enzymes Essay1758 Words   |  8 Pagessingle-stranded ends called a blunt cut, example by Eco RV, as shown below. Any DNA molecule, from viral to human, contains restriction-enzyme target sites purely by chance and therefore may be cut into defined fragments of a size suitable for cloning. Thus, if two different DNA molecules are cut with the same restriction enzyme, both will produce fragments with the same complementary sticky ends. The single-stranded overhang from one fragment can be joined with any other fragment of DNA, includingRead MoreSubcloning Of Fungal CDNA From PBK Lab1878 Words   |  27 PagespUC19 using fungal gene CIH    Introduction A plasmid is a circular, double stranded DNA molecule that replicates independently of the chromosome DNA within a cell.pUC19 is one of the most commonly plasmid cloning vector used due to its high copy replication number (approx. 100 copies per cell), ampR (ampicillin resistance gene) andterminal fragment of ÃŽ ² -galactosidase (lac Z). It is circular double stranded and it has 2686 base pair length from which 54 are multiple cloning sites polylinker thatRead MoreLab Partners : Sage Gibson And Vanessa Song1491 Words   |  6 PagesUndergrad TA: Haley linnet burdge Bio 118-A60 November 10, 2015 Genetic Transformation Introduction There were two parts of this lab and part 1 was; Transforming E. coli with the pGreen plasmid and Part 2; PCR and Electrophoresis. For this lab, a genetic transformation procedure was performed to introduce a plasmid to another cell and when the cell reproduces it will make a new copy of the plasmid. And genetic transformation is a process whereby genetic materials that are carried by individual cellsRead MoreMolecular Genetics 16s Lab Report Essay2106 Words   |  9 PagesMolecular Genetics 16s Lab Report Abstract A highly conserved gene will be used to identify a prokaryotic species isolated from the body. Fundamental lab techniques will be also explored and utilized, such as amplifying using PCR, cloning, and transforming the gene into a host cell. DNA electrophoresis and specific substrate plating will serve as analysis check points. The final product will be sequenced and compared to similar species to observe phylogenetic relationships. Intro

Old Testament Of The Christian Faith - 1160 Words

Raymond Tarango Old testament reflection This Old Testament coarse has given me new insight on the origins of the Christian faith. It has given further explanation on stories I only knew vaguely of. I have a clearer view on the stories of the Old Testament. From god flooding the world to the adversity of the Hebrew people. The Old Testament coarse has given me new insight on the way I see the Christian faith. In the Old Testament there are many occurrences when god does the bizarre to get his point across. For instance, The flood that obliterated all life from earth except for one family: â€Å"Behold, I am bringing the flood of water upon the earth, to destroy all flesh in which is the breath of life, from under heaven; everything†¦show more content†¦And Rahab was saved and accepted by the Israelites why couldn’t the other women and children change and accept god also? I know we don’t have all the answers but its difficult to comprehend god takes harsh actions sometimes. The story of the Hebrew people is pretty amazing they fail over and over again to fulfill god’s wishes but even though they fail got protects them and keeps his promise. The study of the Hebrew people in Old Testament clearly reveals that God has a special place for the people. One verse from Paul from the New Testament now that I have read and studied the old testament is more clear on describing the blessing of the Hebrew people by god and why they are so important , â€Å"Theirs is the adoption as sons; theirs the divine glory, the covenants, the receiving of the law, the temple worship and the promises. Theirs are the patriarchs, and from them is traced the human ancestry of Christ, who is God over all, forever praised! Amen† (rom 9:4:5). The summary explains the promises and events that were given to the Jews by god. The Jews were unique people who were created by God to be the waterway of divine revelation to the world. From them would come the prophets, the writers of the Old Testament and Jesus Christ. The Jews were given the Law of Moses,

Feudalism Essay Example For Students

Feudalism Essay Feudalism, contractual system of political and military relationships existing among members of the nobility in Western Europe during the High Middle Ages. (It had nothing to do with blood feuds; the two words came to be spelled alike in the 17th century, but have no etymological relationship.) Feudalism was characterized by the granting of fiefs, chiefly in the form of land and labor, in return for political and military servicesa contract sealed by oaths of homage and fealty (fidelity). The grantor was lord of the grantee, his vassal, but both were free men and social peers, and feudalism must not be confused with seignorialism, the system of relations between the lords and their peasants in the same period. Feudalism joined political and military service with landholding to preserve medieval Europe from disintegrating into myriad independent seigneuries after the fall of the Carolingian Empire. When the German invaders conquered the western Roman Empire in the 5th century, they destroyed the professional Roman army and substituted their own armies, made up of warriors who served their chieftains for honor and booty. The warriors fought on foot and lived off the countryside. As long as they fought one another, they needed no cavalry. But when the Muslims, the Vikings, and the Magyars invaded Europe in the 8th, 9th, and 10th centuries, the Germans found themselves unable to deal with these rapid-moving armies. First, Charles Martel in Gaul, then King Alfred in England, and finally Henry the Fowler of Germany provided horses for some of their soldiers to repel the raids into their lands. It is not certain that these troops fought on horseback, but they could pursue their enemies faster mounted than on foot, and as stirrups were then coming into use, it is probable that cavalry actions began to take place in this same period. They were certainly occurring in the 11th century. W ords/ Pages : 312 / 24

Wordsworth Reveals a Personal Affinity free essay sample

Throughout Wordsworth poems, â€Å"my heart leaps for joy and† I wandered as lonely as a cloud† he displays a very deep, spiritual and emotional connection with nature. The poems are focused on the natural beauty of the ‘rainbow’ and ‘daffodils’. In both poems he reveals a personal affinity with nature. This is evident through the interplay of poetic techniques throughout both poems. Living most of his life in rural England, Wordsworth was very much against the Industrialisation and the French Revolution. These two events had a significant impact on his poetry because of its corrosive effect on the individual, the community and the landscape. He strived to immortalise the lost rural landscape in his poetry and does this through his two poems â€Å"my heart leaps up† and â€Å"I wandered as lonely as a cloud†. ‘I wandered as lonely as a cloud’ reflects the inherit connections between man and nature. Wordsworth uses a variety of figurative language to communicate this idea. We will write a custom essay sample on Wordsworth Reveals a Personal Affinity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Hyperbole, visual imagery and personification are important techniques used as they indicate Wordsworth’s love for nature. In the first line of the poem he uses personification in representing himself figuratively as a cloud. Wordsworth then proceeds to personify the daffodils as humans, describing the daffodils as ‘fluttering and dancing in the breeze’ He also personifies the daffodils as a ‘jocund company’, suggesting the flowers have feelings just as humans do. Again, there is the suggestion of unity between man and nature when Wordsworth describes that ‘a poet cannot be gay, in such a jocund company’.